Diaspora Tourism and Migrant Communities as Catalysts for Ecotourism Development in Homeland Destinations

Jacob Oluwafemi Orimaye, Nathaniel Ileri Omotoba, & Adedokun Olukemi Fagbolu

Abstract

This paper looks at the growing trend of diaspora-driven ecotourism. In this model, migrant communities use emotional ties, financial support, and global connections to create sustainable tourism projects in their homelands. The research explores how these diaspora communities integrate environmental protection, cultural preservation, and community development to transform traditional tourism practices. It follows a qualitative, theory-based review and a comparative case-study approach. The study focuses on how diaspora entrepreneurs create authentic cultural and environmental experiences. It also examines how they blend international standards with local customs and use global networks to support ecotourism businesses. By analysing 187 peer-reviewed articles, policy reports, and case studies from the Caribbean, Mexico, India, and West Africa, the study highlights different strategies for advancing diaspora ecotourism. It identifies governance factors that contribute to successful outcomes and reveals key benefits, including economic growth, environmental protection, cultural preservation, and community capacity building. However, it is crucial to be mindful of challenges such as displacement risks, environmental damage, governance problems, and authenticity issues. The paper suggests adopting best practices that emphasise community involvement, alignment with broader development goals, environmental management, cultural awareness, long-term dedication, and strategic partnerships. Future research should focus on climate change adaptation, digital innovation, policy framework development, and regenerative tourism models. This study adds to tourism theory by framing diaspora communities as conditionally significant rather than universally beneficial. It shows that their impact depends on governance structures that support emotional capital within institutional environments, directing investment toward community benefits rather than private gains. The conceptual framework developed here offers practical guidance for policymakers and practitioners to achieve positive outcomes and mitigate risks associated with diaspora-led development projects.

Keywords: Diaspora tourism, ecotourism, sustainable tourism development, transnational migration, community-based tourism.